Class 5 Science Chapter 1 Reproduction in Plants
A. Tick (✓) the right answer
1. The seeds of pea plants are dispersed by
Options:
(a) explosion (b) water (c) wind (d) animals
Answer: (a) explosion ✓
2. From which the baby plant gets food inside the seed?
Options:
(a) Seed coat (b) Cotyledons (c) Roots (d) Seed hole
Answer: (b) Cotyledons ✓
3. Which of these plants has leaves that give rise to new plants?
Options:
(a) Dandelion (b) Rose (c) Rice (d) Bryophyllum
Answer: (d) Bryophyllum ✓
4. Which of these crops is grown from November to April?
Options:
(a) Maize (b) Wheat (c) Rice (d) Cotton
Answer: (b) Wheat ✓
B. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words
1. Rice is a __________ crop.
Answer: Rice is a kharif crop.
2. Lotus plant has a spongy __________ fruit which can float on water.
Answer: Lotus plant has a spongy light fruit which can float on water.
3. Wheat is a __________ crop.
Answer: Wheat is a rabi crop.
4. Cotton seeds have __________ structures.
Answer: Cotton seeds have hair-like structures.
C. Unscramble the letters
1. LOSEXPION
Answer: EXPLOSION
2. LUTIRFAGURC
Answer: AGRICULTURE
3. EGRMANIDOTI
Answer: GERMINATION
4. TEWAH
Answer: WHEAT
D. Match the following
Column A — Column B
- Kharif crop — (c) Maize
- Rabi crop — (e) Gram
- Seed dispersal by animals — (d) Cocklebur
- Baby plant — (a) Embryo
- Seed dispersal by water — (b) Coconut
A. Short answer questions
1. Name the different parts of a seed. Draw a diagram and label the parts.
Answer: The different parts of a seed are:
- Seed coat
- Seed hole
- Cotyledon
- Embryo
2. Why must seeds be dispersed?
Answer: Seeds must be dispersed so that they do not all grow at one place. This helps plants get enough space, air, water and sunlight and grow better.
3. What are the different agents of dispersal?
Answer: The different agents of dispersal are:
- Wind
- Water
- Animals
- Explosion of fruits
4. Name the conditions necessary for seed germination.
Answer: The conditions necessary for seed germination are:
- Air
- Water
- Warmth / sunlight
5. What is agriculture?
Answer: Agriculture is the practice of growing plants on a large scale for food and other purposes.
6. What is crop?
Answer: Plants that are grown in large quantities for food or other purposes are called crops.
B. Long answer questions
1. Describe different ways of reproduction in plants.
Answer:
Plants reproduce in different ways:
- By seeds – Most plants grow from seeds.
- By roots – Plants like carrot, sweet potato, turnip and radish can grow new plants from roots.
- By underground stems – Potato, ginger and onion can grow into new plants.
- By stem cutting – Rose, hibiscus and money plant can grow from stem cuttings.
- By leaves – Bryophyllum and begonia can grow new plants from leaves.
- By spores – Ferns, mushroom and bread mould grow from spores.
2. Describe the process of germination of a seed.
Answer:
Germination is the growth of a baby plant inside a seed into a seedling.
When a seed gets air, water and warmth, the seed coat swells and breaks. The
baby plant starts growing. First, the root grows downward into the soil. Then
the shoot grows upward towards sunlight. Slowly, leaves appear and the young
plant grows.
3. Describe the different methods of seed dispersal.
Answer:
Seeds are dispersed in different ways:
- By wind – Light seeds with hair or wings are carried by wind. Example: cotton, dandelion, maple.
- By water – Some seeds float on water and are carried away. Example: coconut, lotus.
- By explosion – Some fruits burst open and throw seeds away. Example: pea, bean, balsam, poppy.
- By animals – Some seeds stick to animal fur or are thrown away after fruits are eaten. Example: cocklebur.
4. Describe the different steps involved in agriculture.
Answer:
The steps involved in agriculture are:
- Ploughing – The soil is loosened by digging and turning it.
- Manuring – Manure and fertilisers are added to the soil.
- Sowing – Seeds are sown in the field.
- Irrigation – Water is supplied to the crops.
- Spraying pesticides – Crops are protected from pests by spraying chemicals.
- Harvesting – The crop is cut and collected.
5. Describe types of crops. What should be done to produce healthy crops?
Answer:
There are two types of crops:
- Kharif crops – Grown from June to October. Example: rice, maize, cotton
- Rabi crops – Grown from November to April. Example: wheat, gram, pea
To produce healthy crops, we should:
- loosen the soil properly,
- add manure or fertilisers,
- use healthy and ripe seeds,
- irrigate the soil,
- use pesticides to protect crops from pests,
- protect crops from animals by fencing,
- protect grains from moisture after harvesting,
- keep grains safe from rats, moles and birds.
C. HOTS Questions
1. A guava fruit has many seeds. Each guava seed can grow into a new tree. However, that does not happen. Why?
Answer:
All guava seeds do not grow into new trees because they may not get the right
conditions for germination such as air, water, warmth, sunlight and proper soil.
Some seeds may also get damaged or eaten by animals.
2. Sonia scattered gram seeds on a wide area while Kamya threw gram seeds at one place. Who did the right action in order to get large number of gram plants?
Answer:
Sonia did the right action because seeds should be spread over a wide area.
This gives plants enough space, air, water and sunlight to grow well.
3. A Bryophyllum leaf can give rise to new plants but not Peepal leaf. Why?
Answer:
A Bryophyllum leaf has buds on its edges that can grow into new plants. A Peepal
leaf does not have such buds, so it cannot give rise to a new plant.
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